UK Wedding News
04/03/2014
The report, which has been published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), added that the more women are exposed to second hand smoke, the higher the risk becomes.
Those behind the study looked at data from more than 80,000 women who had gone through the menopause, and had been part of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study. Each of the women involved had been pregnant on at least one occasion.
More than 5,000 of the women (6.3%) were found to be current smokers, just under 35,000 (43%) were former smokers, while just under 41,000 (50.6%) were non-smokers. The group of non-smokers was then divided further, according to the level of second-hand, or passive, smoke they had been exposed to during their childhood, as an adult in the home, and as an adult the workplace.
The findings revealed that almost one in three of the group (32.6%) had miscarried at least once, with 3,552 women experiencing a stillbirth and 2,033 having an ectopic pregnancy.
Women were found to be less likely to miscarry or have complications if they were younger and better educated. In addition, the study, published online in Tobacco Control in the BMJ, found that non-smokers were also less likely to miscarry, have a stillborn child or an ectopic pregnancy than either current or former smokers. In fact, women who had smoked during their reproductive years were 16% more likely to miscarry, 44% more likely to have a stillborn child, and 43% more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy.
When it came to passive smoking, those who had experienced the highest levels of exposure, such as more than 10 years as a child, more than 20 years as an adult at home, or more than 10 years in the workplace, were 17% more likely to miscarry. They were also 55% more likely to have a stillborn, and 61% more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy, the report concluded.
(JP/IT)
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Passive Smoking Increases Risk Of Miscarriage
Passive smoking can increase the risk of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy and stillbirths, a new study has said.The report, which has been published in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), added that the more women are exposed to second hand smoke, the higher the risk becomes.
Those behind the study looked at data from more than 80,000 women who had gone through the menopause, and had been part of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study. Each of the women involved had been pregnant on at least one occasion.
More than 5,000 of the women (6.3%) were found to be current smokers, just under 35,000 (43%) were former smokers, while just under 41,000 (50.6%) were non-smokers. The group of non-smokers was then divided further, according to the level of second-hand, or passive, smoke they had been exposed to during their childhood, as an adult in the home, and as an adult the workplace.
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The findings revealed that almost one in three of the group (32.6%) had miscarried at least once, with 3,552 women experiencing a stillbirth and 2,033 having an ectopic pregnancy.
Women were found to be less likely to miscarry or have complications if they were younger and better educated. In addition, the study, published online in Tobacco Control in the BMJ, found that non-smokers were also less likely to miscarry, have a stillborn child or an ectopic pregnancy than either current or former smokers. In fact, women who had smoked during their reproductive years were 16% more likely to miscarry, 44% more likely to have a stillborn child, and 43% more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy.
When it came to passive smoking, those who had experienced the highest levels of exposure, such as more than 10 years as a child, more than 20 years as an adult at home, or more than 10 years in the workplace, were 17% more likely to miscarry. They were also 55% more likely to have a stillborn, and 61% more likely to have an ectopic pregnancy, the report concluded.
(JP/IT)
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